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Hercules (Handel)
''Hercules'' (HWV 60) is a ''Musical Drama'' in three acts by George Frideric Handel, composed in July and August 1744. The English language libretto was by the Reverend Thomas Broughton, based on Sophocles's ''Women of Trachis'' and the ninth book of Ovid's Metamorphoses.
==Performance history==
''Hercules'' was first given at the King's Theatre in London on 5 January 1745 in concert style. There were only two performances in the original run.〔Winton Dean, 'Hercules, "one of the greatest secular musical dramas in the English language",' in booklet accompanying RCA Victor records, ''Handel:Hercules'' (LSC 6181, 1968).〕 The role of Lichas was originally a small one for tenor, but was rewritten at great length, with six airs, for Susanna Cibber, she, however, was too ill to sing on the first night, and the music was either omitted or redistributed on that occasion. She sang in the second performance on January 12, but the music for the chorus "Wanton God" and the air "Cease, ruler of the day" was never given in this opera: the latter was adapted for the final chorus of ''Theodora''. The work was a total failure and caused Handel to suspend his season. ''Hercules'' obtained three further hearings, two in 1749 and one in 1752, for which the role of Lichas was entirely eliminated, and much of the other music was also cut.〔Dean 1968.〕
''Hercules'' was originally performed in the theatre but like an oratorio without stage action. It is argued that this contributed to its later neglect as it did not make the transition into the church and the concert hall successfully. Its revival therefore occurred through reappraisal in the context of stage presentation, when it was acclaimed by Romain Rolland, Henry Prunières, Paul Henry Lang and others as one of the supreme masterpieces of its age.〔
The first modern performance was in Münster in 1925.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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